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Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Inflammation: Introduction01:28

Inflammation: Introduction

Inflammation is a fundamental, protective biological response of vascularized tissues to cellular injury, infection, or harmful stimuli. Its primary function is to eliminate the initial cause of injury, clear necrotic cells and damaged tissue, and initiate the necessary repair processes.Cardinal SignsAcute inflammation presents with classic signs. Redness results from vasodilation and increased blood flow. Heat is due to increased metabolism and circulation. Swelling results from the...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase01:26

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Leptin and Inflammation.

Noriko Iikuni1, Queenie Lai Kwan Lam, Liwei Lu

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, USA.

Current Immunology Reviews
|September 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leptin, a key adipokine, links nutritional status to immune function. Both low and high leptin levels can impair immune responses, affecting inflammation and disease susceptibility.

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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
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Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy
08:47

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Adipocytes secrete adipokines, including leptin, influencing endocrine and immune systems.
  • Leptin connects nutritional status with pro-inflammatory T helper 1 immune responses.
  • Altered leptin levels are implicated in chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the functional roles of leptin in inflammation.
  • To discuss leptin's effects on immune response modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on leptin, metabolism, and immune homeostasis.
  • Analysis of leptin's role in inflammatory conditions and disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Decreased leptin during food deprivation impairs immune function.
  • Elevated leptin in obesity contributes to chronic inflammation and associated diseases.
  • Reduced leptin in malnutrition increases infection risk and reduces cell-mediated immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin plays a critical role in maintaining immune homeostasis.
  • Dysregulation of leptin levels has significant implications for inflammatory diseases and overall health.