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Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and factor...
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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
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Monitoring Functionality and Morphology of Vasculature Recruited by Factors Secreted by Fast-growing Tumor-generating Cells
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Angiogenic targets for potential disorders.

Shraddha V Bhadada1, Bhoomika R Goyal, Mayur M Patel

  • 1Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Chharodi, Ahmedabad-382 481, Gujarat, India. itsshrads@rediffmail.com

Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology
|March 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review covers angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, crucial for healing and development. Understanding its regulators may lead to therapies for diseases like cancer.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Angiogenesis is a vital physiological process involved in wound healing, embryogenesis, and immune responses.
  • It is regulated by a complex interplay of pro-angiogenic growth factors and inhibitors of neovascularization.
  • Dysregulation of angiogenesis is implicated in numerous pathological conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the fundamental aspects of angiogenesis.
  • To discuss the roles of key angiogenic factors and inhibitors.
  • To highlight the contribution of aberrant angiogenesis to disease pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of fundamental aspects of angiogenesis.
  • Discussion of the properties and biological functions of angiogenic factors (e.g., VEGF, FGF-2) and inhibitors (e.g., angiostatin, endostatin).
  • Analysis of the link between angiogenesis dysregulation and various disorders.

Main Results:

  • Angiogenesis is essential for normal physiological processes but can be dysregulated in disease.
  • Key growth factors (VEGF, FGF-2) and inhibitors (angiostatin, endostatin) play critical roles in regulating neovascularization.
  • Excessive, insufficient, or abnormal angiogenesis contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous disorders.

Conclusions:

  • A thorough understanding of angiogenesis mechanisms is crucial.
  • Aberrant angiogenesis is a hallmark of many diseases, including cancer.
  • Targeting angiogenic pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for angiogenic diseases.