Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes Mellitus: Introduction

Diabetes mellitus consists of chronic metabolic disorders characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. This elevated blood glucose results from defects in insulin secretion, impaired insulin action, or both. Insulin, produced by pancreatic β-cells, is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis by facilitating cellular glucose uptake for energy or storage. Disruptions in insulin production or function lead to glucose accumulation in the bloodstream, causing the clinical features and long-term...

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin: The Receptor and Signaling Pathways

Insulin action is mediated through a receptor tyrosine kinase, akin to the IGF-1 receptor. The number of receptors per cell varies significantly, from 40 on erythrocytes to 300,000 on adipocytes and hepatocytes. The insulin receptor consists of linked α/β subunit dimers, forming a heterotetramer glycoprotein with two extracellular α subunits and two β subunits spanning the membrane. The α subunits inhibit the inherent tyrosine kinase activity of the β subunits, but this inhibition is released...

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

One-Year Changes in Urinary Microbial Phenolic Metabolites and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes-A Case-Control Study.

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

Same author

Nordic dietary patterns and cardiometabolic outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomised controlled trials.

Diabetologia·2022

Same author

Red blood cell omega-3 fatty acids and attention scores in healthy adolescents.

European child & adolescent psychiatry·2022

Same author

Desired weight loss and its association with health, health behaviors and perceptions in an adult population with weight excess: One-year follow-up.

Frontiers in nutrition·2022

Same author

Impulsivity is longitudinally associated with healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns in individuals with overweight or obesity and metabolic syndrome within the framework of the PREDIMED-Plus trial.

The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity·2022

Same author

Relation of Change or Substitution of Low- and No-Calorie Sweetened Beverages With Cardiometabolic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies.

Diabetes care·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance

Published on: February 17, 2023

Nuts, inflammation and insulin resistance.

Patricia Casas-Agustench¹, Mònica Bulló, Jordi Salas-Salvadó

¹Human Nutrition Unit, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain.

Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition

|March 5, 2010

Summary

Nut consumption benefits cardiovascular health by improving lipid metabolism and reducing inflammation and insulin resistance. This review explores the evidence linking nuts to these cardio-protective mechanisms.

More Related Videos

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance

Differentiated Mouse Adipocytes in Primary Culture: A Model of Insulin Resistance

Published on: February 17, 2023

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Live Images of GLUT4 Protein Trafficking in Mouse Primary Hypothalamic Neurons Using Deconvolution Microscopy

Published on: December 7, 2017

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Studying the Hypothalamic Insulin Signal to Peripheral Glucose Intolerance with a Continuous Drug Infusion System into the Mouse Brain

Published on: January 4, 2018

Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Cardiovascular Health
Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

Nut consumption is linked to reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Nuts influence lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, key factors in CVD.
Chronic inflammation and insulin resistance are early predictors of CVD events.

Purpose of the Study:

To review epidemiologic and experimental evidence on nut consumption's effects on inflammation and insulin resistance.
To explore the mechanisms by which nuts may offer cardio-protection.
To assess the association between nut intake and these emergent cardio-protective factors.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of human studies.
Evaluation of epidemiologic data.
Analysis of experimental evidence.

Main Results:

Nutrients in nuts (magnesium, fiber, L-arginine, antioxidants, MUFA) may combat inflammation.
Specific nut components show potential in improving insulin resistance.
Evidence suggests a link between nut consumption and reduced inflammation and improved insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions:

Nut consumption demonstrates potential cardio-protective effects beyond lipid metabolism.
Mechanisms involve mitigating chronic inflammation and improving insulin resistance.
Further research supports nuts as part of a heart-healthy diet.