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Related Concept Videos

Brick Classifications01:16

Brick Classifications

Bricks, a fundamental component of construction, are categorized based on their application and structural characteristics into several types. These include facing bricks, building bricks, hollow bricks, paving bricks, and firebricks. Facing bricks, also referred to as face bricks, are primarily used for both structural support and visual appeal, making their appearance a crucial aspect. In contrast, building bricks are typically used in concealed sections of a structure, such as behind the...
Masonry01:28

Masonry

Masonry, known for its strength, durability, and aesthetic versatility, encompasses construction with solid stone or man-made units like bricks, clay tiles, terra cotta, and concrete blocks, combined to form structures like walls, floors, and arches. These units are placed in a systematic fashion, known as coursing, and are bound together using mortar—a mixture typically made of water, cement, and sand.
The process of building with masonry is hands-on and can be executed with basic tools. A...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
07:42

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material

Published on: December 20, 2024

Graded structures for all-ceramic restorations.

Y Zhang1, H Chai, B R Lawn

  • 1Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA. yz21@nyu.edu

Journal of Dental Research
|March 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Grading the elastic modulus of dental ceramics significantly enhances their fracture resistance. This study shows that graded ceramic structures can nearly double the load-bearing capacity of dental restorations, preventing cracks.

More Related Videos

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography
06:53

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography

Published on: January 25, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material
07:42

Quasistatic Mechanical Testing for Computer-Aided Design and Manufacturing Occlusal Veneers Cemented to Milled Dentin Analog Material

Published on: December 20, 2024

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography
06:53

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography

Published on: January 25, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • Dental Ceramics

Background:

  • All-ceramic dental restorations are prone to radial cracking at the cementation surface.
  • This failure is caused by flexure of stiff ceramic layers over softer dentin.
  • Grading the elastic modulus through ceramic thickness may mitigate this failure mode.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if grading elastic modulus in ceramic structures can improve fracture resistance.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of glass infiltration in creating graded zirconia.

Main Methods:

  • Fabricated graded zirconia plates by infiltrating glass to reduce surface modulus.
  • Bonded infiltrated plates and non-infiltrated controls to a polymeric base.
  • Subjected specimens to flexural contact loading until fracture and performed finite element analysis.

Main Results:

  • Graded ceramic structures showed a significant increase in fracture load, nearly doubling compared to controls.
  • Finite element analysis indicated reduced tensile stresses in the lower-modulus graded zones.
  • The observed increase in load-bearing capacity correlated with enhanced material strength.

Conclusions:

  • Suitably graded ceramic structures offer a promising approach for next-generation all-ceramic dental restorations.
  • Elastic modulus grading effectively mitigates radial cracking and enhances fracture toughness.
  • This strategy improves the durability and longevity of dental prosthetics.