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Related Concept Videos

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

[Neuroimaging in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].

D Martín Fernández-Mayoralas1, A Fernández-Jaén, J M García-Segura

  • 1Hospital Quiron, Madrid, España. dmfmayor@yahoo.es

Revista De Neurologia
|March 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Neuroimaging advances offer insights into attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) pathophysiology, suggesting fronto-striatal circuit dysfunction. However, current diagnostic value is limited due to ADHD

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
12:21

Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Published on: September 12, 2011

Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
13:09

Using Brain Activation (nir-HEG/Q-EEG) and Execution Measures (CPTs) in a ADHD Assessment Protocol

Published on: April 1, 2018

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
10:02

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience and Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging Technologies

Context:

  • Recent neuroimaging advancements have revealed new findings in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  • Progress in genetics and neurochemistry points to fronto-striatal circuit dysfunction as a potential pathophysiological basis for ADHD.

Purpose:

  • To review significant literature on neuroimaging in ADHD.
  • To discuss the utility and limitations of various neuroimaging techniques for understanding ADHD.
  • To explore the future potential of neuroimaging in ADHD diagnosis, subtyping, and treatment monitoring.

Summary:

  • Neuroimaging research suggests ADHD may stem from dysfunction in the fronto-striatal circuit involving the prefrontal cortex and basal ganglia, thalamic, and cerebellar nuclei.
  • While promising, the diagnostic utility of current neuroimaging techniques for ADHD is restricted.
  • The heterogeneity of ADHD (clinical, genetic, pathophysiological) presents a major challenge, necessitating the search for multiple diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Impact:

  • Future neuroimaging may complement clinical evaluations for more accurate ADHD diagnoses.
  • Identifying specific markers could aid in classifying ADHD subtypes and guiding personalized treatment strategies.
  • Continued research is crucial for unlocking the full potential of neuroimaging in ADHD management.