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Related Concept Videos

Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

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Recurrent tuberculosis in Denmark: relapse vs. re-infection.

D Bang1, A B Andersen, V O Thomsen

  • 1International Reference Laboratory of Mycobacteriology, National Centre for Antimicrobials and Infection Control, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark. dvb@ssi.dk

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|March 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Recurrent tuberculosis (TB) is rare in Denmark. Most recurrent cases are relapses, but cavitary disease in the initial episode increases relapse risk, and re-infection risk grows over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Denmark has a low incidence of tuberculosis (TB).
  • Understanding the causes of recurrent TB (relapse vs. re-infection) is crucial for public health.
  • Genotyping methods allow differentiation between TB relapse and re-infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of tuberculosis relapse versus re-infection in Denmark.
  • To compare characteristics between relapse and re-infection subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study followed 4154 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates over 13.5 years.
  • Recurrent TB cases were classified as relapse or re-infection using insertion sequence 6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping.
  • Statistical analysis compared characteristics between relapse and re-infection groups.

Main Results:

  • Recurrent TB occurred in 1.8% of cases.
  • Relapse (identical genotypes) accounted for 1.3% of cases, while re-infection (different genotypes) accounted for 0.5%.
  • Initial cavitary TB was significantly associated with relapse (OR 4.6).

Conclusions:

  • The rate of recurrent TB in Denmark is low.
  • Cavitary disease in the initial episode is a significant risk factor for relapse.
  • While rare, the risk of TB re-infection increases over time.