Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2026
05:57
Synthesizing Amino Acids Modified with Reactive Carbonyls in Silico to Assess Structural Effects Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Published on: April 26, 2024
Does carbonyl stress cause increased blood viscosity during storage?
1The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China. hnsdlgl@hunnu.edu.cn
Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
|March 6, 2010
Summary
Storage lesion in erythrocytes increases blood viscosity and reduces transfusion safety. Reactive carbonyl species attack erythrocyte proteins, causing structural changes and impairing blood efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Hematology
- Transfusion Medicine
Background:
- Erythrocyte storage leads to 'storage lesion', impacting blood transfusion efficacy and safety.
- The biochemical mechanisms underlying storage lesion are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the biochemical changes in erythrocytes during storage.
- To elucidate the role of reactive carbonyl species in erythrocyte damage.
Main Methods:
- Whole blood stored for over 20 days at 1-4°C.
- Analysis of viscosity, plasma reactive carbonyl species, and erythrocyte membrane protein carbonylation at various storage intervals.
- Quantification of protein (tryptophan) fluorescence and thiol content.
Main Results:
- Blood viscosity and plasma reactive carbonyl species significantly increased during storage.
- Erythrocyte membrane protein carbonylation and protein fluorescence increased over time.
- Thiol content in erythrocytes decreased with prolonged storage.
Conclusions:
- Reactive carbonyl species contribute to erythrocyte structural alterations by modifying membrane proteins.
- These alterations increase blood viscosity, diminishing the efficacy and safety of stored blood.
Related Concept Videos
01:13Stress Concentrations
The concept of stress concentration is crucial for understanding how materials respond under bending stresses, particularly when there are irregularities or discontinuities in the material's geometry. Normally, stress in a symmetric member subjected to pure bending is assumed to be uniformly distributed across the entire cross-section. However, this assumption does not hold when there are variations in the cross-sectional geometry or the presence of notches and holes.
The stress concentration...
The stress concentration...
01:24Stress Concentrations
Stress concentration is when stress intensifies near discontinuities such as holes or abrupt cross-sectional changes in a structural member. This localized stress can often surpass the average stress within the member. The stress distribution in flat bars, either with a circular hole or varying widths connected by fillets, can be determined experimentally using a photoelastic method. The results are based on ratios of geometric parameters like the ratio of the hole's radius to the smaller width...
01:15Stress: General Loading Conditions
To grasp the intricacy of real-world conditions where multiple loads are applied simultaneously to a structure, one might visualize a section passing through a specific point within a body, aligned parallel to the xy plane. This section is subjected to various forces, including original loads, normal forces, and shearing forces.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes.
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes.
01:18Stress Concentrations in Circular Shafts
Consider the elastic torsion formula, which applies to a circular shaft with a consistent cross-section. This formula assumes that the shaft's ends are loaded with rigid plates firmly attached. However, in many cases, torques are applied to the shaft through mechanisms like flange couplings or gears, which are connected by keys inserted into keyways. This application method modifies the stress distribution near the point of torque application, causing it to deviate from the distributions...
01:22Bearing Stress
Bearing stress refers to the contact pressure between two separate bodies. To visualize this, imagine a bolt thrust through a plate. The bolt applies a force to the plate, which exerts an equal but opposite force back onto the bolt. This force isn't just a singular entity but a compilation of numerous smaller forces distributed across the contact surface between the bolt and the plate.
Due to the intricacy of these microforces, an average value, known as bearing stress, is often used by...
Due to the intricacy of these microforces, an average value, known as bearing stress, is often used by...
01:27Oxygen Transport in the Blood
Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...