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Obesity

Obesity

The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in adipocytes...

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
Cirrhosis is characterized by the scarring of hepatic lobules in the liver, which are replaced by fibrous tissue, affecting the liver's normal functioning. NAFLD, on the other hand, is caused by an excessive build-up of fat in the liver, not related to...

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Overview of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes

An Advanced Murine Model for Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Association with Type 2 Diabetes

Published on: April 26, 2019

[Obesity and liver disease].

María Eugenia Miquilena Colina¹, Carmelo García Monzón

¹Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Santa Cristina, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, España.

Gastroenterologia Y Hepatologia

|March 9, 2010

Summary

Obesity increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and worsens chronic liver conditions like hepatitis C. Chronic inflammation from fat tissue links metabolic issues, fat buildup, and liver inflammation, highlighting fat

Area of Science:

Hepatology and Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

Obesity is a significant risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Adipose tissue inflammation and adipokine secretion link metabolic dysfunction to liver inflammation.
Obesity and insulin resistance may accelerate the progression of various chronic liver diseases, including hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the connection between obesity, metabolic alterations, and liver disease progression.
To highlight the role of hepatocellular lipotoxicity in NAFLD pathogenesis.
To examine the influence of obesity-related factors on HCV-mediated liver disease.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on obesity, NAFLD, and chronic liver diseases.
Analysis of the role of adipose tissue inflammation and adipokines.

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Isolation, Characterization, and Purification of Macrophages from Tissues Affected by Obesity-related Inflammation

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Investigation of the impact of insulin resistance on liver disease progression.

Main Results:

Obesity is strongly associated with increased NAFLD risk.
Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue contributes to liver inflammation and lipotoxicity.
Obesity and insulin resistance appear to exacerbate HCV-related liver disease and other chronic liver conditions.

Conclusions:

Obesity plays a crucial role in the development and progression of NAFLD.
Hepatocellular lipotoxicity, driven by metabolic alterations linked to obesity, is central to NAFLD pathogenesis.
Managing obesity and associated metabolic issues is vital for mitigating the progression of diverse chronic liver diseases.