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Related Concept Videos

IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

When infrared (IR) radiation passes through a molecule, the bonds stretch or bend by absorbing the radiation. This absorption creates the molecule's absorption spectrum, which is the plot of its percentage transmittance versus wavenumber.
Transmittance is defined as the ratio of the radiant power passing through a sample to that from the radiation's source. Multiplying the transmittance by 100 gives the percent transmittance (%T), which varies between 100% (no absorption) and 0% (complete...
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the C=O, C=N, and C=C occur between 1600–1850 cm−1.
The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

Interpretation of ir scanning radiometer data.

A W Kamp

    Applied Optics
    |March 9, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Interpreting radiometric scanner data requires accounting for detector size, amplifier nonlinearity, and spectral effects. This study details these challenges and analyzes the AGA Thermovision 680 scanner.

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    Area of Science:

    • Radiometric data interpretation
    • Optical engineering
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Radiometric scanners are crucial for remote sensing and thermal imaging.
    • Accurate data interpretation is vital for reliable scientific and industrial applications.
    • Existing methods often overlook key sources of data distortion.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify and elaborate on critical factors affecting radiometric scanner data accuracy.
    • To provide a detailed analysis of detector size, amplifier nonlinearity, and spectral effects.
    • To illustrate these issues using the AGA Thermovision 680 radiometric scanner.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of image formation and signal processing in radiometric scanners.
    • Examination of optical aberrations and detector element characteristics.
    • Investigation of electronic amplifier linearity and spectral response functions.

    Main Results:

    • Quantification of errors introduced by detector size and optical aberrations.
    • Analysis of signal distortion due to nonlinear electronic amplification.
    • Assessment of spectral influences from object emission, atmospheric transmission, and scanner sensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • Detector size, amplifier nonlinearity, and spectral effects significantly complicate radiometric data interpretation.
    • Understanding and correcting for these factors are essential for accurate measurements.
    • The AGA Thermovision 680 serves as a practical case study for these complex radiometric challenges.