Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching01:24

IR Frequency Region: X–H Stretching

In IR spectroscopy, signals produced by the X−H bonds (such as C−H, O−H, or N−H) can be observed in the frequency range of  2700–4000 cm–1. The C−H stretching vibration forms sharp bands in the region 2850–3000 cm–1. The presence of the O−H stretching vibration leads to the forming of an absorption band in the frequency range 3650–3200 cm−1. At the same time, N−H stretching can be confirmed by absorption bands in the 3500–3100 cm−1 range. Even though both O−H and N−H bonds vibrate at a similar...
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Apology in relation to our recent letter describing a case of fatal rhabdomyolysis in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Anaesthesia and intensive care·2014
Same author

cDNA cloning of mRNAs induced in resistant barley during infection by Erysiphe graminis f.sp. Hordei.

Plant molecular biology·2013
Same author

Fatal rhabdomyolysis following volatile induction in a six-year-old boy with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.

Anaesthesia and intensive care·2013
Same author

Epidural catheter tip cultures: results of a 4-year audit and implications for clinical practice.

Regional anesthesia and pain medicine·2000
Same author

Induction of beta-1,3-glucanase in barley in response to infection by fungal pathogens.

Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI·1991
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
10:35

Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

Published on: February 12, 2013

Exposure time for space-borne ir spatial interferometer.

R H Wolfe, R S Simpson

    Applied Optics
    |March 9, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new analysis shows an orbiting infrared heterodyne spatial interferometer can image celestial sources like IRC + 30219. With a 30-meter baseline and half-meter telescopes, imaging is possible within an hour.

    More Related Videos

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    10:03

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

    Published on: June 27, 2014

    Open Source High Content Analysis Utilizing Automated Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
    09:30

    Open Source High Content Analysis Utilizing Automated Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy

    Published on: January 18, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO
    10:35

    Bringing the Visible Universe into Focus with Robo-AO

    Published on: February 12, 2013

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    10:03

    Proton Transfer and Protein Conformation Dynamics in Photosensitive Proteins by Time-resolved Step-scan Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy

    Published on: June 27, 2014

    Open Source High Content Analysis Utilizing Automated Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
    09:30

    Open Source High Content Analysis Utilizing Automated Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy

    Published on: January 18, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Optical Interferometry
    • Infrared Astronomy

    Background:

    • Infrared heterodyne spatial interferometry is crucial for high-resolution astronomical observations.
    • Understanding the relationship between signal-to-noise ratio and exposure time is vital for optimizing observational strategies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To mathematically analyze the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) versus exposure time for orbiting infrared heterodyne spatial interferometers.
    • To determine the SNR for the angular intensity distribution, not just the interferogram itself.

    Main Methods:

    • Mathematical analysis of SNR and exposure time.
    • Interferogram transformation to derive source angular intensity distribution.
    • Application of the analysis to known infrared sources.

    Main Results:

    • The analysis establishes a clear relationship between SNR and exposure time for the interferometer.
    • A 30-meter baseline interferometer with 0.5-meter telescopes can achieve an SNR of 10 for IRC + 30219.
    • This imaging can be accomplished in under one hour of total exposure time.

    Conclusions:

    • The study demonstrates the feasibility of imaging specific infrared sources with orbiting interferometers.
    • Optimized exposure times can yield high-quality data for astronomical targets.
    • This research provides a framework for planning future infrared observational missions.