Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Fiber Reinforced Concrete01:22

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Fiber-reinforced concrete significantly enhances the structural and nonstructural properties of traditional concrete by incorporating fibers like steel, glass, and polymers. These fibers, varying from natural ones such as sisal and cellulose to manufactured ones like polypropylene and Kevlar, are mixed into hydraulic cement with aggregates. Steel fibers, often preferred for their robustness, contribute to improved ductility, toughness, and post-cracking performance. The concrete is classified...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene π orbitals.
Impedance Combination01:21

Impedance Combination

Consider a string of christmas lights, each bulb symbolizing an impedance element. In this series configuration, the flow of electric current remains uniform across every component. This behavior aligns with Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), which asserts that the total impedance in such a setup equals the sum of individual impedances—akin to resistors in series. It follows that the voltage from the power source is distributed proportionally among these components, adhering to the voltage division...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Metaphor Preference vs. Semantic Ratings as Measures of Attitude Toward Time.

The Journal of general psychology·2017
Same author

Categories, subcategories, and the attenuation of proactive inhibition in free recall.

Memory & cognition·2013
Same author

Scattering of sharply focused beams by arbitrarily shaped dielectric particles: an exact solution.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Intensity statistics for propagation through a turbulent layer.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Scattering of a focused beam by moving particles.

Applied optics·2010
Same author

Single-mode optical waveguides.

Applied optics·2010
Same journal

Multifunctional reconfigurable terahertz metasurface based on vanadium dioxide phase transition: achieving broadband absorption and efficient polarization conversion.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-Q-factor electromagnetically induced transparency utilizing quasi-bound states in the continuum in an all-dielectric terahertz metasurface.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Automated stitching interferometry for high-precision metrology of X-ray mirrors.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Experimental demonstration of an approach to designing a metal-dielectric DBR resonant cavity structure.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

High-precision wavefront reconstruction from a single-shot interferogram using a physics-driven hybrid feature calibration network.

Applied optics·2026
Same journal

Ultra-high-Q Fano resonance based on coupled topological corner states in Kagome photonic crystals.

Applied optics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
08:48

Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

Published on: April 20, 2016

Multimode inhomogeneous fiber couplers.

C Yeh, W P Brown, R Szejn

    Applied Optics
    |March 9, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a numerical technique for analyzing wave behavior in coupled multimode fibers. The method reveals periodic power exchange and a monotonically increasing coupling length with fiber separation.

    More Related Videos

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    Design and Fabrication of an Optical Fiber Made of Water
    08:06

    Design and Fabrication of an Optical Fiber Made of Water

    Published on: November 8, 2018

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
    08:48

    Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers

    Published on: April 20, 2016

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
    09:43

    Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

    Published on: March 20, 2017

    Design and Fabrication of an Optical Fiber Made of Water
    08:06

    Design and Fabrication of an Optical Fiber Made of Water

    Published on: November 8, 2018

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Coupled multimode fibers are crucial for optical communication and sensing.
    • Understanding wave behavior in inhomogeneous multimode fibers is complex.
    • Existing models may not fully capture intricate coupling dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a numerical technique for analyzing wave propagation in tightly coupled, inhomogeneous multimode fibers.
    • To investigate the coupling characteristics of two parallel multimode fibers with parabolic index profiles.
    • To demonstrate the ability to generate coupling characteristics by specifying fiber index profiles.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel numerical technique is introduced to simulate wave behavior.
    • The technique is applied to analyze the coupling of two parallel multimode fibers.
    • The study focuses on fibers with inhomogeneous and parabolic index profiles.

    Main Results:

    • Despite complex multimode coupling, total guided power exchanges periodically between fibers.
    • The coupling length increases monotonically with the separation distance between fibers.
    • The numerical technique successfully generates coupling characteristics based on specified, slowly varying index profiles.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed numerical technique provides a robust method for studying multimode fiber coupling.
    • The findings offer insights into the predictable power exchange and coupling length behavior.
    • This technique enables the design and optimization of coupled fiber structures by controlling index profiles.