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Related Concept Videos

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways01:19

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade01:22

Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade

When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze the...
MAPK Signaling Cascades01:07

MAPK Signaling Cascades

Mitogen-activated protein kinase, or MAPK pathway, activates three sequential kinases to regulate cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. The canonical MAPK pathway starts with a mitogen or growth factor binding to an RTK. The activated RTKs stimulate Ras, which recruits Raf or MAP3 Kinase (MAPKKK), the first kinase of the MAPK signaling cascade. Raf further phosphorylates and activates MEK or MAP2 Kinases (MAPKK), which in turn phosphorylates MAP...
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a rapamycin-insensitive companion...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays
07:42

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays

Published on: September 19, 2018

Targeting multiple kinase pathways: a change in paradigm.

Lucy Gossage1, Tim Eisen

  • 1CRUK Cambridge Research Institute, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom. lucygossage@doctors.org.uk

Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research
|March 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Targeting multiple protein kinase pathways with anticancer drugs is crucial for overcoming treatment resistance. This review explores strategies for effectively inhibiting multiple signaling pathways, especially those involved in angiogenesis.

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A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays
07:42

Assessment of Resistance to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors by an Interrogation of Signal Transduction Pathways by Antibody Arrays

Published on: September 19, 2018

Identification of Kinase-substrate Pairs Using High Throughput Screening
11:13

Identification of Kinase-substrate Pairs Using High Throughput Screening

Published on: August 29, 2015

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
12:40

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

Published on: December 7, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Protein kinases are key targets for anticancer drugs, including small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies.
  • Interactions between signaling pathways significantly affect cancer therapeutic efficacy and can lead to resistance against targeted agents.
  • Developing therapies that target multiple kinase pathways is an emerging strategy to improve cancer treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the principles of specifically targeting multiple kinase pathways in cancer therapy.
  • To highlight the importance of addressing feedback loops and cross-talk in signaling pathways.
  • To focus on the application of multi-kinase targeting strategies in angiogenic signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on kinase inhibitors and targeted therapies.
  • Analysis of signaling pathway interactions and their impact on drug resistance.
  • Discussion of therapeutic strategies involving single agents or combinations targeting multiple kinases.

Main Results:

  • Resistance to targeted therapies is a major challenge in cancer treatment.
  • Targeting multiple kinase pathways, either with single agents or combinations, is a promising approach.
  • Angiogenic signaling pathways are critical targets for multi-kinase inhibition strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Effective cancer therapeutics increasingly involve targeting multiple kinase pathways to overcome resistance.
  • Understanding pathway cross-talk is essential for designing successful multi-targeted therapies.
  • Targeting angiogenic pathways with multi-kinase inhibitors holds significant potential for cancer treatment.