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Nutritional support for extremely low-birth weight infants: abandoning catabolism in the neonatal intensive care unit

Chris H P van den Akker1, Hester Vlaardingerbroek, Johannes B van Goudoever

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
|March 11, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing parenteral nutrition for premature infants is crucial for development. Research highlights benefits and risks of amino acid-based nutrition, guiding optimal strategies for neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Premature infants often experience catabolism in the first week, impacting growth and long-term outcomes.
  • Optimal nutrition is vital for normal development, mirroring outcomes in term-born infants.
  • Parenteral nutrition is a key strategy for delivering essential nutrients to neonates unable to feed enterally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in parenteral nutrition research for premature infants.
  • To focus on the role of amino acids in neonatal nutrition and development.
  • To examine the influence of early nutrition on the later outcomes of preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing randomized clinical trials and research findings.
  • Analysis of studies investigating the effects of specific nutrients, particularly amino acids.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding both short-term and long-term outcomes associated with nutritional interventions.

Main Results:

  • Accumulating evidence supports the beneficial effects of early nutrition on both short-term and long-term outcomes in premature infants.
  • Randomized clinical trials, though sparse, indicate positive impacts of nutritional interventions.
  • Some studies also highlight potential adverse effects, necessitating careful consideration of nutritional strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Despite improved nutritional therapies, reluctance persists in providing high nutritional doses to the most immature infants.
  • The review outlines the advantages and disadvantages of current parenteral nutrition strategies.
  • Identified knowledge gaps emphasize the need for further research to define optimal nutrient strategies in the early postnatal period for preterm neonates.
Abstract

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