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Related Concept Videos

Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

Flame Photometry: Lab

In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law01:09

UV–Vis Spectroscopy: Beer–Lambert Law

The Beer-Lambert law describes the relationship between absorbance and concentration, which combines the principles established by scientists Johann Heinrich Lambert and August Beer. Lambert's law states that when light passes through a medium, the loss in intensity is directly proportional to the original intensity and the path length of the light. Beer's law proposed that the transmittance of a solution remains constant if the product of concentration and path length is constant. The modern...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

Flame Photometry: Overview

Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
UV–Vis Spectrometers01:14

UV–Vis Spectrometers

The absorbance of UV and visible (UV–visible) radiations is measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. Deuterium lamps, which emit UV radiation, and tungsten lamps, which produce radiation in the visible region, are used as light sources in UV–visible spectrophotometers. A monochromator or prism is used for diffraction grating, i.e., to split the incoming radiation into different wavelengths. A system of slits is used to focus the desired wavelength on the sample cell. Samples for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry
07:17

Non-equilibrium Microwave Plasma for Efficient High Temperature Chemistry

Published on: August 1, 2017

Night sky spectral emission measurements (lambda0.9-2.3 microm) using a field-widened interferometer-spectrometer.

A J Steed, D J Baker

    Applied Optics
    |March 11, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents atmospheric near-infrared emissions measurements and an airglow atlas. The atlas covers the 0.9-2.3 micrometer spectral range, aiding atmospheric research.

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    Published on: October 26, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Atmospheric science
    • Spectroscopy
    • Remote sensing

    Background:

    • Atmospheric emissions provide insights into atmospheric composition and processes.
    • Near-infrared (near-IR) spectral regions are crucial for studying various atmospheric phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To summarize measurements of atmospheric near-IR emissions.
    • To present a comprehensive airglow atlas for the 0.9-2.3 micrometer spectral range.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a field-of-view compensated interferometer for precise measurements.
    • Collected spectral data across the specified near-IR range.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully measured atmospheric near-IR emissions.
    • Developed an airglow atlas detailing spectral features between 0.9-2.3 micrometers.

    Conclusions:

    • The generated airglow atlas serves as a valuable resource for atmospheric studies.
    • The measurements contribute to a better understanding of atmospheric emissions in the near-IR spectrum.