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Related Concept Videos

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor01:31

Dielectric Polarization in a Capacitor

The presence of a dielectric medium in a capacitor not only changes the voltage and capacitance but also affects the electric field. In general, dielectrics can be of two types: polar and nonpolar. In a polar dielectric, the positive and negative charges in the molecules are separated by a distance and hence have a permanent dipole moment. In contrast, no such charge separation exists in a nonpolar dielectric, however the nonpolar molecules get polarized in the presence of an external electric...
Capacitor With A Dielectric01:18

Capacitor With A Dielectric

Parallel plate capacitors consist of two conducting plates separated by a certain distance. However, it is mechanically difficult to hold the large plates parallel to each other without actual contact. Hence, a dielectric layer is commonly placed between the plates, which provides an easy solution for holding the plates together with a small gap and increases the capacitance of the capacitor.
Dielectrics are non-conducting materials with no free or loosely bound electrons. When a dielectric is...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

Gauss's Law in Dielectrics

Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics01:27

Electrostatic Boundary Conditions in Dielectrics

When an electric field passes from one homogeneous medium to another, crossing the boundary between the two mediums imparts a discontinuity in the electric field. This results in electrostatic boundary conditions that depend on the type of mediums the field propagates through.
Consider a case where both the mediums across a boundary are two different dielectric materials. Recall that the electric field and electric displacement are proportional and related through the material's permittivity.

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Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Published on: August 30, 2012

Coupling between curved dielectric waveguides.

Y Murakami

    Applied Optics
    |March 11, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers explored power transfer in curved dielectric waveguides. Optimal bending and curvature can achieve efficient or complete power transfer between guides, even with different propagation constants.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Waveguide Theory
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Dielectric waveguides are crucial components in integrated optics.
    • Understanding coupling characteristics is essential for device design.
    • Curved waveguides introduce unique behaviors compared to straight ones.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the coupling characteristics of two coplanar curved dielectric waveguides with a common center of curvature.
    • To investigate the influence of curvature and propagation constants on power transfer efficiency.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized coupled-mode equations for theoretical analysis.
    • Investigated scenarios with identical and different propagation constants.

    Main Results:

    • Maximum power transfer efficiency between waveguides with identical propagation constants varies from 0 to 1 with increasing radius of curvature.
    • Complete power transfer is achievable between waveguides with different propagation constants by selecting appropriate radii of curvature.

    Conclusions:

    • The radius of curvature significantly impacts power transfer efficiency in curved dielectric waveguides.
    • Tailoring waveguide curvature offers a method to control and optimize power transfer in optical systems.