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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
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Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction
07:33

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

Small bowel obstruction-who needs an operation? A multivariate prediction model.

Martin D Zielinski1, Patrick W Eiken, Michael P Bannon

  • 1Division of Trauma, Critical Care, and General Surgery, Mary Brigh 2-810, St. Mary's Hospital, Mayo Clinic, 1216 Second Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA. zielinski.martin@mayo.edu

World Journal of Surgery
|March 11, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Predicting surgical intervention for small bowel obstruction (SBO) is crucial. Key CT findings like free fluid and mesenteric edema, along with clinical signs such as vomiting and lack of the "small bowel feces sign," accurately indicate the need for surgery.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction
07:33

A Mouse Model of Intestinal Partial Obstruction

Published on: March 5, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Surgical Oncology

Background:

  • Accurate management of small bowel obstruction (SBO) is vital to avoid unnecessary surgeries while detecting strangulation.
  • Identifying preoperative risk factors for strangulating SBO can improve patient outcomes.
  • This study aimed to predict the need for operative intervention in SBO patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify preoperative risk factors associated with strangulating SBO.
  • To develop a predictive model for operative intervention in SBO.
  • To assess the association of free intraperitoneal fluid on CT with bowel ischemia and surgical necessity.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 100 consecutive SBO patients who underwent CT.
  • Radiologist review of CT scans, blinded to patient outcomes.
  • Surgeons retrospectively confirmed the need for operative management based on findings and clinical course.

Main Results:

  • Multivariate analysis identified free intraperitoneal fluid, mesenteric edema, lack of the "small bowel feces sign," and vomiting as independent predictors of operative need.
  • A combination of these four factors showed high sensitivity (96%) and positive predictive value (90%) for requiring exploration.
  • Ischemia was significantly associated with peritonitis, free fluid, elevated lactate, mesenteric edema, closed-loop obstruction, pneumatosis intestinalis, and portal venous gas.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical, laboratory, and radiographic factors are essential for SBO treatment decisions.
  • Four key features (intraperitoneal free fluid, mesenteric edema, lack of "small bowel feces sign," and vomiting) strongly predict the need for operative intervention.
  • These factors should be integrated into algorithms guiding operative versus nonoperative treatment choices for SBO.