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[Dissections of craniocervical arteries in the paediatric age: a pathology that is emerging or under-diagnosed?]

María Eugenia Russi1, Gabriel González, Roberto Crosa

  • 1Servicio de Neuropediatría, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, España. mrussi@hsjdbcn.es

Revista De Neurologia
|March 11, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Cranio-cervical arterial dissections are a significant cause of childhood ischemic stroke. Prompt recognition of head trauma and neurological symptoms is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cranio-cervical arterial dissections are a recognized cause of ischemic stroke in children.
  • Incidence ranges from 0.4% to 20%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a cohort of pediatric cranio-cervical arterial dissections.
  • Analyze clinical presentation, risk factors, and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Descriptive, retrospective, longitudinal collaborative review.
  • Study period: 2000-2009.
  • Included children aged 1 month to 17 years.

Main Results:

  • Ten cases of arterial dissection identified (7 boys, 3 girls).
  • Nine cases had preceding trauma; common symptoms included hemiparesis, cerebellar syndrome, VI nerve palsy, seizures, and headache.
  • Dissections affected anterior (5) and posterior (5) circulation, with 4 intracranial and 6 extracranial.
  • Treatments included anticoagulation (5), antiplatelets (3), and observation (2). No complications or recurrent dissections observed.

Conclusions:

  • Cranio-cervical dissections are a frequent cause of stroke in childhood.
  • High clinical suspicion is warranted for cranio-cervical trauma followed by neurological symptoms.
Abstract

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