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Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview
Vaccines01:21

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Smallpox01:24

Smallpox

Smallpox is a severe contagious disease caused by the Variola major virus, a double-stranded DNA member of the Poxviridae family.Variola major transmission occurs primarily via inhalation of virus-laden droplets or direct contact with infectious scabs. The incubation period averages approximately seven days, although it may range from 7 to 17 days depending on the inoculum and host factors.Clinically, the prodromal phase is marked by an abrupt onset of high fever, malaise, headache, and myalgia.
Poliomyelitis01:17

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...
Chickenpox01:20

Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute, highly contagious disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), a double-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Herpesviridae family. Its transmission occurs primarily through the inhalation of respiratory droplets or direct contact with vesicular fluid from skin lesions. The incubation period typically ranges from 10 to 21 days, during which the virus replicates and disseminates through sequential phases within the host. Although generally self-limiting in children,...

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Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo
12:42

Paramyxoviruses for Tumor-targeted Immunomodulation: Design and Evaluation Ex Vivo

Published on: January 7, 2019

[Measles vaccine].

Tetsuo Nakayama1

  • 1Laboratory of Virus Infection, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences. tetsuo-n@lisci.kitasato-u.ac.jp

Uirusu
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Measles vaccine development has reduced global measles cases. New recombinant vaccines and oncolytic measles virus offer future potential for infectious diseases and cancer therapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Vaccinology
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Measles vaccine development has significantly reduced global disease incidence.
  • Measles elimination has been achieved in the Americas, with similar goals for other regions.
  • Advances in molecular techniques, including reverse genetics, enable detailed investigation of viral strains.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the characteristics of attenuated measles vaccine strains using reverse genetics.
  • To develop novel recombinant measles vaccines expressing foreign antigens for unmet medical needs.
  • To explore the potential of oncolytic measles virus for cancer therapy.

Summary:

  • Attenuated measles vaccine strains were developed through cell culture passages.
  • Reverse genetics technology allows for the recovery and analysis of infectious measles virus from cDNA.
  • Research is ongoing to create recombinant measles vaccines for other infectious diseases and oncolytic measles virus for cancer treatment.

Impact:

  • Successful measles vaccination campaigns have drastically reduced patient numbers worldwide.
  • New vaccine strategies hold promise for combating infectious diseases lacking effective vaccines.
  • Oncolytic measles virus presents a novel approach for targeted cancer cell therapy.