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Time-sampled versus continuous-time reporting for measuring incidence.

Roseanne McNamee1, Yiqun Chen, Louise Hussey

  • 1Health Methodology Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. rmcnamee@manchester.ac.uk

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Time-sampled reporting, a method for estimating disease incidence, yielded higher estimates than continuous reporting. This suggests that less frequent data collection may improve the accuracy of incidence estimates in occupational health surveillance.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational health
  • Epidemiology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Estimating disease incidence can be subject to biases influenced by reporter contact frequency and reporting window duration.
  • Time-sampling strategies offer potential for infrequent reporter contact and short windows but lack empirical evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a time-sampling strategy for estimating the incidence of work-related diseases.
  • To compare incidence estimates derived from time-sampled reporting versus continuous-time reporting.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover trial was conducted comparing time-sampled (1/12) and continuous-time (12/12) reporting of work-related diseases.
  • Physicians were assigned to report monthly in one year and for one randomly selected month in the other year.
  • New cases of work-related disease were compared between the two reporting frequencies.

Main Results:

  • High response rates (87%) were observed, with higher withdrawal rates in the 12/12 reporting group.
  • The rate ratio for 1/12 versus 12/12 reporting was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.11-1.42).
  • A gradual decline in reported rates within the 12/12 groups suggested reporting fatigue.

Conclusions:

  • Time-sampling, involving less frequent data collection, may lead to increased incidence estimates compared to continuous reporting.
  • The findings suggest that increased frequency of data collection might reduce incidence estimates, potentially due to reporting fatigue.