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Measuring coupling efficiency in single-mode channel waveguides: a new technique.

L D Hutcheson

    Applied Optics
    |March 12, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study presents a new technique for measuring prism coupling efficiencies in single-mode waveguides, achieving over 1% efficiency. The research also quantifies scattering and absorption losses in these optical devices.

    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science
    • Photonics

    Background:

    • Accurate characterization of optical waveguides is crucial for device performance.
    • Titanium-indiffused Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) waveguides are widely used in integrated optics.
    • Measuring coupling efficiencies and propagation losses is essential for optimizing waveguide devices.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a technique for accurately measuring input prism coupling efficiencies in single-mode channel waveguides.
    • To quantify scattering and absorption losses in single-mode channel and planar diffused waveguides.
    • To characterize loss parameters for both TE and TM modes in Ti-in-diffused LiNbO3 waveguides.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel technique was employed to measure input prism coupling efficiencies.

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  • Scattering and absorption losses were measured using established optical loss measurement techniques.
  • Measurements were performed on Ti-in-diffused LiNbO3 waveguides with channel widths of 3 micrometers before diffusion.

    • Main Results:

    • Input prism coupling efficiencies exceeding 1% were accurately measured.
    • Propagation losses for channel waveguides were determined to be in the range of 1.34 to 1.66 dB/cm.
    • Loss measurements were successfully conducted for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed technique enables precise measurement of prism coupling efficiencies in single-mode waveguides.
    • The study provides valuable loss data for Ti-in-diffused LiNbO3 channel and planar waveguides.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding and optimization of optical waveguide performance for integrated photonic applications.