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Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
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Parenting Styles01:27

Parenting Styles

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
07:56

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

DYADIC PARENTING AND CHILDREN'S EXTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS.

Karen B Meteyer1, Maureen Perry-Jenkins

  • 1Associate Psychologist, Greater Binghamton Health Center.

Family Relations
|March 12, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Dyadic parenting styles, reflecting warmth and laxness, were analyzed in dual-earner families. Supportive parenting was linked to fewer externalizing behaviors in boys, but not girls.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Family Studies
  • Child Behavior

Background:

  • Parenting styles significantly influence child development.
  • Understanding dyadic parenting (both parents) is crucial for child outcomes.
  • Externalizing behaviors are common in early childhood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between dyadic parenting styles and first-grade children's externalizing behaviors.
  • To identify distinct parenting typologies based on parental warmth, overreactivity, and laxness.
  • To investigate gender differences in the association between parenting styles and behavior symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Cluster analysis was used to classify parenting styles.
  • A sample of 85 working-class, dual-earner families participated.

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Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure
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  • Teacher-reported externalizing behavior symptoms were assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • Three parenting groups emerged: Supportive, Mixed-Support, and Unsupportive Parents.
    • Dyadic parenting styles were associated with teacher-reported externalizing symptoms in boys.
    • No significant association was found between dyadic parenting styles and externalizing symptoms in girls.

    Conclusions:

    • Dyadic parenting patterns play a role in the development of externalizing behaviors in young children.
    • The impact of parenting styles on behavior symptoms may differ by gender.
    • Further research is needed to explore gender-specific mechanisms.