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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
[The Italian version of NOPPAIN Scale: validation during education]
Chiara Novello1, Renata Ferrari, Carolina Scacco
1Ospedale Son Bartolo, ULSS 6 Vicenzo.
Unlabelled:
Pain assessment in elderly people may be complex due to the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders, which often impair the ability to verbally report pain to hospital staff Several tools have been developed to assess pain behaviors in patients unable to communicate. The Italian version of the Non-Communicative Patient's Pain Assessment Instrument (NOPPAIN) has shown good preliminary qualities in the clinical setting.
Aim:
Aim of the paper is to analyze the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the NOPPAIN in a training setting.
Methods:
142 hospital staff members of the Medical Department of Vicenza Hospital assessed with NOPPAIN 5 videotapes, portraying different levels of pain intensity. Inter-rater reliability (nonparametric Kendall's W) and construct validity were examined.
Results:
A significant inter-rater agreement was found overall (Kendall's W = 0.89, p < 0.01) and for each of the 5 videos; inter-rater agreement was high both in the total score and in the main sections of the tool. NOPPAIN scores correctly discriminated between the different levels of pain intensity.
Conclusion:
The results confirm interrater reliability and construct validity of the Italian version of the NOPPAIN.
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