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Related Concept Videos

Cell Signaling Feedback Loops01:07

Cell Signaling Feedback Loops

Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
Negative feedback loops
Most signaling systems have negative feedback loops that can perform different functions such as output limiter, and adaptation.
Output limiter
Upon receiving an input signal, the cellular response rapidly increases until a threshold is reached. Beyond this threshold, a negative feedback loop...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway02:33

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway

The Hedgehog gene (Hh) was first discovered due to its control of the growth of disorganized, hair-like bristles phenotype in Drosophila, much like hedgehog spines. Hh plays a crucial role in the development of organs and the maintenance of homeostasis in both invertebrates and vertebrates. However, while Drosophila has only one Hh protein, mammals have multiple functional Hedgehog proteins - Sonic (Shh), Desert (Dhh), and Indian Hedgehog (Ihh). All of these homologous proteins have adapted to...
Contact-dependent Signaling01:19

Contact-dependent Signaling

Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

A Microfluidics Approach for the Functional Investigation of Signaling Oscillations Governing Somitogenesis
08:06

A Microfluidics Approach for the Functional Investigation of Signaling Oscillations Governing Somitogenesis

Published on: March 19, 2021

Keeping signaling in check.

Anthony A Kossiakoff, Shahir Rizk

    Structure (London, England : 1993)
    |March 13, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Interleukin-13 (IL-13) uses a unique pathway for cytokine signaling, involving unusual molecular recognition in receptor assembly and disassembly. This study details the unconventional steps in IL-13 signaling complex formation and inactivation.

    Area of Science:

    • Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Cellular Signaling

    Background:

    • Cytokine signaling pathways regulate crucial cellular functions.
    • Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a key cytokine involved in immune responses and inflammation.
    • Receptor aggregation is a common mechanism for initiating cytokine signaling.

    Discussion:

    • This study investigates the non-canonical mechanism of IL-13 receptor complex assembly and activation.
    • Unusual molecular recognition events govern both the formation and dissociation of the IL-13 signaling complex.
    • The findings highlight unique aspects of IL-13's interaction with its receptor subunits.

    Key Insights:

    • IL-13 signaling deviates from typical cytokine receptor activation sequences.
    • Specific molecular recognition features dictate the dynamic assembly and disassembly of the IL-13 receptor complex.

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  • Understanding these unconventional steps is crucial for deciphering IL-13's biological roles.

    • Outlook:

    • Further research into IL-13's unique signaling may reveal novel therapeutic targets.
    • Exploring these molecular recognition mechanisms can provide insights into other complex signaling pathways.
    • Comparative studies with other cytokine receptors could elucidate conserved and divergent signaling strategies.