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Earthquake experience interference effects in a modified Stroop task: an ERP study.

Dongtao Wei1, Jiang Qiu1, Shen Tu1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing 400715, China; School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.

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Summary

Earthquake survivors showed altered brain responses to conflicting information during a Stroop task, with unique early-stage conflict monitoring differences compared to controls. Later conflict resolution involved different brain regions in survivors.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Traumatic events like the Sichuan earthquake can impact cognitive functions.
  • The Stroop task is a standard method for assessing cognitive control and conflict monitoring.
  • Event-related potentials (ERPs) offer insights into the timing and location of neural processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural effects of the modified Stroop task in individuals who experienced the Sichuan earthquake.
  • To compare event-related potential (ERP) patterns between earthquake survivors and a matched control group.
  • To explore potential differences in conflict monitoring and resolution mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified Stroop task with incongruent and congruent stimuli.
  • Recorded and analyzed event-related potentials (ERPs) from participants.
  • Performed dipole source analysis to identify the neural generators of ERP components.

Main Results:

  • Earthquake survivors exhibited a more negative ERP deflection (N300-450) to incongruent stimuli, suggesting early conflict detection differences.
  • Both groups showed a more negative ERP deflection (N450-650) to incongruent stimuli.
  • In controls, the N450-650 was linked to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC); in survivors, it was associated with the thalamus, potentially indicating ACC inhibition or compensation.

Conclusions:

  • Earthquake exposure may alter early perceptual conflict monitoring.
  • The neural pathways for conflict resolution differ between earthquake survivors and controls.
  • Thalamic involvement in survivors suggests compensatory mechanisms for ACC function in conflict resolution post-trauma.