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Time for initial response to steroids is a major prognostic factor in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Marina Vivarelli1, Eleonora Moscaritolo1, Aggelos Tsalkidis2
1Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Rome, Italy.
Objective:
To identify early prognostic factors for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in childhood.
Study Design:
A retrospective analysis of 103 patients with INS at onset, all treated in a single center with the same induction protocol, was conducted. Minimum length of follow-up was 2 years; median length of follow-up was 43 months. Survival data were assessed with Cox-Mantel analysis. Predictive values were estimated with receiver operating characteristic curves.
Results:
The median time of response to steroid therapy was 7 days. A significant association was found between the interval from onset of steroid therapy to remission and the risk of relapsing within 3 months after steroid therapy discontinuation (P < .0001). A similar association was found between the time to achieve remission and the risk of developing frequent relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (P < .0001), the prescription of maintenance steroid therapy (P < .003), and the prescription of all other non-steroid drugs (P < .0001) during follow-up. Patients with non-relapsing and infrequent relapsing nephrotic syndrome had a median time to achieve remission <7 days; in patients with frequent relapsing and steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome, this median was >7 days.
Conclusion:
The interval from onset of steroid therapy to remission is an accurate early prognostic factor in INS.
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