Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Implantation and Recording of Wireless Electroretinogram and Visual Evoked Potential in Conscious Rats
Published on: June 29, 2016
Anaesthesia for phacosemulsification surgery: is it as comfortable as we think?
Lizette Mowatt1, Evelyn Youseff, Maria Langford
1Department of Surgery, Anaesthesia, Radiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of the West Indies, Mona, Jamaica. lizettemowatt@yahoo.com
Abstract:
We report an observational prospective study to determine which local anaesthetic technique gave the most comfort during phacoemulsification (cataract) surgery. 1835 patients were recruited. 61.8% were female. Peribulbar (18.2%), subtenons (28.6%), and topical (53.2%) anaesthesia was used. The pain score was assessed by the visual analogue pain scale (VAPS) which ranged from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worse possible pain). The lowest mean pain score occurred in the subtenons group, mean VAPS 0.2 (95% CI 0.1-0.3). The mean pain scores for topical and peribulbar anaesthesia were 0.6 (95% CI 0.5-0.7) and 0.59 (95% CI 0.41-0.76) respectively. Subtenons anaesthesia gave the most comfort during phacoemulsification. Patients experienced more discomfort with 2nd eye surgery. Older patients and males had a higher pain threshold in all three anaesthetic groups.
Related Concept Videos
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
General Anesthesia: Overview
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Stages of General Anesthesia
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
Inhalational Anesthetics: Overview

