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Evaluating real-time air-quality data as earthquake indicator.

Shih-Chieh Hsu¹, Yi-Tang Huang, Jr-Chung Huang

¹Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC. schsu815@rcec.sinica.edu.tw

The Science of the Total Environment

|March 16, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden increases in sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels, detected hours before major earthquakes in Taiwan, suggest seismic activity may trigger gas release. This finding highlights air quality data

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Seismology
Atmospheric Chemistry

Background:

The 921-earthquake (M(L)=7.3) in Taiwan on September 21, 1999, caused significant devastation.
Real-time air quality data from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) is available.
Previous research has not extensively linked pre-earthquake atmospheric changes to seismic events.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between ambient air quality and seismic activity.
To determine if pre-earthquake atmospheric anomalies can be observed.
To explore the potential of air quality monitoring for earthquake forecasting.

Main Methods:

Analysis of real-time ambient air quality data, focusing on sulfur dioxide (SO2) concentrations.
Evaluation of data from the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) surrounding major seismic events.
Comparison of SO2 levels prior to the 1999 M(L)=7.3 earthquake and the 2002 M(L)=6.8 earthquake.

Main Results:

A significant increase (over one order of magnitude) in ambient SO2 concentrations was observed island-wide several hours before the 1999 earthquake.
Elevated SO2 levels were particularly pronounced at background monitoring stations.
Similar SO2 enhancements were confirmed prior to the 2002 earthquake, supporting the initial observation.

Conclusions:

The observed SO2 increases are likely due to seismically triggered degassing, not typical air pollution.
The temporal correlation between pre-quake SO2 spikes and large earthquakes suggests a potential forecasting indicator.
Air quality monitoring networks may offer a novel approach to supplement earthquake early warning systems.