A new, improved flotation device for deep-water exercise

The purpose of this study was to determine the position and size of flotation devices that permit deep-water exercise with the exerciser's thoracolumbar spine in a vertical position and without restriction of movement of the arms and legs. The buoyant force of the flotation device had to be at least 94.0 N to allow the exerciser to be suspended in water with the head above water. The position of the flotation devices had considerable influence on the thoracolumbar angle. When the large pad with a buoyant force of 55.0 N covered the lower abdominal wall and the small pad with a buoyant force at 39.0 N was located over the lower back, the exerciser's thoracolumbar spine assumed an almost vertical position. Anterior placement of the flotation devices resulted in marked extension of the thoracolumbar spine. Conversely, posterior placement of the buoyant devices resulted in flexion of the thoracolumbar spine. On the basis of these results, an ideal flotation device for deep-water exercise can now be developed.