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Oh Seok Kwon1, Seon Joo Park, Jyongsik Jang

  • 1School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.

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This study presents a novel field-effect transistor (FET) biosensor for detecting Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), a key cancer biomarker. The high-performance sensor achieves a low detection limit of 400 fM for VEGF using aptamer-conjugated nanotubes.

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Area of Science:

  • Nanomaterials Science
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a critical biomarker in cancer diagnostics.
  • Developing highly sensitive and specific biosensors for VEGF detection is crucial for early cancer diagnosis.
  • Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors offer potential for sensitive electrochemical detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel p-type FET biosensor for the in vitro electrochemical detection of VEGF.
  • To utilize carboxylated polypyrrole nanotubes (CPNTs) conjugated with anti-VEGF RNA aptamers as the sensing element.
  • To evaluate the performance of the FET biosensor in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and reusability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of carboxylated polypyrrole nanotubes (CPNTs) using a water-in-oil emulsion system with cylindrical micelle templates.
  • Incorporation of functional carboxyl groups (-COOH) using pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid (P3CA) co-monomer.
  • Conjugation of anti-VEGF RNA aptamers onto CPNTs to create CPNTs-aptamer.
  • Assembly of the CPNTs-aptamer onto a p-type FET device for electrochemical detection of VEGF.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated CPNTs with two distinct diameters (ca. 200 nm and 120 nm), exhibiting excellent conductivity.
  • Demonstrated that VEGF acts as gate dielectrics in the p-type FET sensor, interacting specifically with the anti-VEGF aptamer.
  • Achieved a highly sensitive VEGF detection limit of approximately 400 fM in real-time using the CPNT2-aptamer FET sensor.
  • Confirmed the reusability of the CPNTs-aptamer FET sensors through washing and rinsing processes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed p-type FET biosensor based on anti-VEGF aptamer-conjugated CPNTs demonstrates high performance for VEGF detection.
  • The CPNTs serve as effective transducers, enabling sensitive electrochemical detection of VEGF at femtomolar concentrations.
  • This aptamer-functionalized FET biosensor shows promise for sensitive and reusable cancer biomarker detection applications.