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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...

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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Quantified Assessment of Infant's Gross Motor Abilities Using a Multisensor Wearable
09:24

Quantified Assessment of Infant's Gross Motor Abilities Using a Multisensor Wearable

Published on: May 17, 2024

Infant overweight is associated with delayed motor development.

Meghan Slining1, Linda S Adair, Barbara Davis Goldman

  • 1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997, USA. slining@email.unc.edu

The Journal of Pediatrics
|March 16, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infant overweight and high subcutaneous fat are linked to delayed motor development. Early identification and intervention are crucial for healthy infant development.

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07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Infant overweight and high subcutaneous fat are growing concerns.
  • Early motor development is critical for overall child development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between infant overweight and high subcutaneous fat and motor development.
  • To assess if excess adiposity in infancy predicts motor delays.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, longitudinal study of 217 low-income African-American mother-infant dyads from 3 to 18 months.
  • Overweight defined by weight-for-length z-score ≥90th percentile; high subcutaneous fat by skinfold measurements ≥90th percentile.
  • Motor development assessed using Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II; delay defined as Psychomotor Development Index score <85.

Main Results:

  • Overweight infants were 1.80 times more likely to experience motor delay.
  • Infants with high subcutaneous fat were 2.32 times more likely to have motor delay.
  • High subcutaneous fat also predicted subsequent motor development delays (OR, 2.27).

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric overweight and high subcutaneous fat are significantly associated with delayed infant motor development.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring infant body composition for developmental outcomes.