Medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism with concomitant multiple myeloma

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and multiple myeloma (MM) are frequently observed in the adult population and can each independently lead to hypercalcemia. Despite the frequency of hypercalcemia secondary to PHPT and MM, these two conditions only rarely concurrently present in patients. We describe the management of PHPT in the setting of poorly differentiated MM in a patient presenting with hypercalcemia and pancytopenia. The patient was deemed at increased risk for surgical removal of the parathyroid gland and refused surgical intervention, so we chronically managed her PHPT and hypercalcemia with Cinacalcet and bisphosphonates. All of the similar cases in the literature are reviewed in this report along with medical management of PHPT. We believe that we describe the first medically managed PHPT in the setting of MM.