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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
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Published on: October 25, 2019

The real-time processing of sluiced sentences.

Josée Poirier1, Katie Wolfinger, Lisa Spellman

  • 1Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences (SLHS), San Diego State University, Bldg #221, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182-1518, USA. josee.phd@gmail.com

Journal of Psycholinguistic Research
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Summary

This study shows that listeners mentally reconstruct missing information in elliptical sentences (Sluicing) in real-time. Only the object, not the subject, of the antecedent clause was actively accessed during processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Ellipsis involves absent elements that are understood from context.
  • Sluicing is a type of ellipsis where an entire clause is omitted but recoverable.
  • Understanding sluicing requires listeners to mentally reconstruct the missing clause based on the antecedent.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the real-time processing of Sluicing.
  • To determine when listeners reconstruct the missing material in elliptical sentences.
  • To examine whether complex antecedents are re-accessed during ellipsis processing.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-modal priming study was employed.
  • Online processing of Sluicing constructions was examined.
  • Priming effects were measured to probe the activation of antecedent constituents (Subject and Object).

Main Results:

  • The Object constituent of the antecedent clause was found to be active in the elliptical clause during real-time processing.
  • The Subject constituent of the antecedent clause was not observed to be active.
  • Ellipses in coordinated sentences were detected earlier than in subordinated sentences.

Conclusions:

  • Antecedents are attributed to sluices in real-time, with the Object being actively accessed.
  • The non-observation of the Subject warrants further investigation.
  • Sentence structure (coordinated vs. subordinated) influences the detection time of ellipses.