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Candidiasis

Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by opportunistic species of Candida. It can affect various anatomical sites, including the skin, oral cavity, nails, and genitourinary tract. Among its forms, vaginal candidiasis is the most common type of mucosal infection. It typically results from the overgrowth of Candida albicans in the vaginal mucosa. Under normal conditions, C. albicans exists as a commensal organism within the vaginal microbiota, regulated by the dominance of lactobacilli, which...

Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...

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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

A Catheter-Related Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse

A Catheter-Related Candida albicans Infection Model in Mouse

Published on: March 22, 2024

Candida albicans peritonitis in a dog.

Ryan K C Ong¹, Anthea L Raisis, Katrin L Swindells

¹Murdoch University Veterinary Hospital, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. ryan.ong@murdoch.edu.au

Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)

|March 17, 2010

Summary

This case report details the successful treatment of a dog with Candida albicans peritonitis using fluconazole. The study highlights effective management strategies for this rare fungal infection in canine patients.

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Published on: November 6, 2020

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Mycology
Canine Infectious Diseases

Background:

Peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum, can be caused by various agents, including fungi.
Candida albicans is an opportunistic yeast that can cause severe infections, including peritonitis, in immunocompromised or critically ill patients.
Canine peritonitis requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive management, often involving surgical intervention and antimicrobial therapy.

Observation:

A 15-week-old Papillon presented with peritonitis secondary to enterectomy site dehiscence.
Abdominal fluid analysis revealed pure growth of Candida albicans.
The patient experienced a significant exudative process postoperatively, necessitating oncotic support with fresh frozen plasma and pentastarch.

Findings:

Surgical repair of the dehiscence combined with postoperative fluconazole therapy led to resolution of the Candida albicans peritonitis.
The fungistatic agent fluconazole demonstrated efficacy in treating this fungal infection.
Despite complications such as megaesophagus, the dog showed gradual improvement and was discharged 11 days post-surgery.

Implications:

This report represents the first documented case of successful treatment for Candida albicans peritonitis in a dog.
The findings underscore the importance of considering fungal etiologies in cases of canine peritonitis, particularly those with poor response to antibacterial therapy.
Successful management involved a multimodal approach including surgical intervention, antifungal medication, and intensive supportive care.