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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...
The Nucleosome Core Particle01:12

The Nucleosome Core Particle

Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their primary aim is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. On the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access histone-bound DNA during...
The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
The paradox
Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

Nucleosome positioning, nucleosome spacing and the nucleosome code.

David J Clark1

  • 1Program in Genomics of Differentiation, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Building 6A, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. clarkda@mail.nih.gov

Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
|March 18, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Nucleosome positioning studies reveal a DNA code that specifies nucleosome placement. This code may facilitate chromatin remodelling by encoding overlapping nucleosomal arrays for dynamic nucleosome movement.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
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Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy
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In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: September 6, 2024

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique
06:32

Deciphering Molecular Mechanism of Histone Assembly by DNA Curtain Technique

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nucleosome positioning is crucial for gene regulation and has been extensively studied.
  • Micrococcal nuclease is a key enzyme in nucleosome positioning research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review methods for determining nucleosome positions.
  • To explore the concept of a DNA-encoded nucleosome positioning code.

Main Methods:

  • Indirect end-labelling (low resolution)
  • Primer extension, monomer extension, nucleosome sequencing (high resolution)
  • Microarray hybridization and parallel sequencing (high throughput, genome-wide)

Main Results:

  • Low resolution mapping provides averaged chromatin structure.
  • High resolution mapping reveals a superposition of cellular chromatin states.
  • Yeast DNA contains information specifying nucleosome positions.

Conclusions:

  • A DNA positioning code likely exists and is utilized by cells.
  • This code may encode overlapping nucleosomal arrays to facilitate spacing.
  • The code might aid ATP-dependent chromatin remodellers in nucleosome repositioning.