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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...

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Interactions between endocarditis-derived Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus isolates and human

Tanja Vollmer1, Dennis Hinse, Knut Kleesiek

  • 1Institut für Laboratoriums- und Transfusionsmedizin, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany.

BMC Microbiology
|March 18, 2010
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Summary

Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus causes infective endocarditis. This study explored its adhesion, invasion, and virulence factors in an in vitro model, revealing strain variability and key characteristics.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus is a significant cause of infective endocarditis (IE).
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding its virulence factors and infection pathogenesis.
  • Understanding endothelial cell interactions is crucial for dissecting IE mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the adhesion and invasion characteristics of S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus strains.
  • To analyze the binding affinity to extracellular matrix (ECM) components.
  • To examine biofilm formation and the presence of specific virulence factor genes.

Main Methods:

  • Established an in vitro infective endocarditis model using EA.hy926 and HUVEC endothelial cells.
  • Assessed strain adhesion and invasion capabilities.
  • Performed PCR to detect virulence factor genes (gtf, pilB, fimB) and analyzed ECM binding and biofilm formation.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in adherence and invasion were observed among S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus strains.
  • Strongest adherence was to collagen I, II, IV, followed by fibrinogen, tenascin, and laminin.
  • All strains formed biofilms; fimB was present in all, gtf in 19/23, and pilB in 9/23 strains.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to describe S. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus adhesion and invasion of human endothelial cells.
  • Revealed significant strain variability in adhesion, invasion, and virulence factor gene presence.
  • Provides foundational insights into the characteristics of this understudied pathogen.