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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
11:44

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates

Published on: March 20, 2015

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) by molecules adsorbed at spherical particles.

M Kerker, D S Wang, H Chew

    Applied Optics
    |March 18, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    A model explains Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) on spherical particles. This electromagnetic mechanism, involving a molecule as an electric dipole on a silver sphere, can explain SERS observed on roughened electrodes.

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    Fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-Based Flexible Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrate for Ultrasensitive Detection

    Published on: November 17, 2023

    Area of Science:

    • Physical Chemistry
    • Surface Science
    • Spectroscopy

    Background:

    • Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) is a phenomenon observed at interfaces, often with roughened metal surfaces.
    • Previous studies suggested that molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces can exhibit enhanced Raman signals.
    • The exact electromagnetic mechanisms responsible for SERS, particularly on specific geometries, require further elucidation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a theoretical model for Raman scattering from a molecule adsorbed on a spherical particle.
    • To investigate the potential of this model to explain SERS phenomena observed experimentally.
    • To explore the influence of various parameters on SERS intensity and characteristics.

    Main Methods:

    • A classical electric dipole model for the adsorbed molecule.
    • Inclusion of incident and near-scattered fields as the primary stimulation.
    • Calculation of dipole and scattered fields at the shifted frequency.
    • Analysis of feedback terms between the dipole and the particle.

    Main Results:

    • The model predicts significant SERS enhancement (~10^6) for pyridine on a silver sphere under specific conditions (radius << wavelength, excitation ~382 nm).
    • The relative refractive index of silver near m = sqrt(2)i is crucial for strong enhancement.
    • Angular distribution and polarization of Raman emission are sensitive to particle size, molecule distance, excitation wavelength, and location.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed model provides a plausible electromagnetic mechanism for SERS on spherical particles.
    • This mechanism is consistent with experimental observations at roughened silver electrodes.
    • The study predicts similar enhancements for fluorescent scattering, suggesting broader applicability.