Optical LiNbO(3) 3-branched waveguide and its application to a 4-port optical switch

An optical multimode 3-branched waveguide in Ti-diffused Z-cut LiNbO(3) is discussed experimentally and theoretically. The guided light was selectively fed into three branches with the extinction ratio of nearly 10 dB at an applied voltage of V(0) = +/-25 V. As an example of the applications, we propose a 4-port optical switch which consists of 3-branched waveguides and bent waveguides. The bent waveguide with a 0.5-mm radius of curvature was fabricated in Nb(2) O(5) /Ti:LiNbO(3).