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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

An Optimized Protocol for Rearing Fopius arisanus, a Parasitoid of Tephritid Fruit Flies
Published on: July 2, 2011
[Irregular evolutionary rate of the fruit fly from the Virilis group: I. Use of phylogeny-mediated Takezaki tests]
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis about an inconsistency in time estimation of the divergence and topology of species Drosophila kanekoi, D. ezoana, and D. littoralis which is caused by the irregular accumulation rate of replacements in different DNA sequences used for analysis and in evolutionary lineages. The phylogenetic relationships based on sequences of five genes among 11 fruit fly species of virilis group are revised, and estimation of molecular clock regularity in several phylogenetic lineages of this group is given. It was shown that Drosophila kanekoi, D. ezoana, and D. littoralis assembled in a single cluster, which was most related to the subfilade montana. The irregularity of molecular clocks was shown for the high conservative sequences of mt 12S-16S.
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