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Updated: Jun 15, 2026

Precise Phage Mutagenesis with NgTET-Assisted CRISPR-Cas Systems
Published on: October 14, 2025
CRISPR-mediated phage resistance and the ghost of coevolution past
1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, The Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK. pedro.vale@cefe.cnrs.fr
Abstract:
The past is never dead. It's not even past William Faulkner (1951). Bacteria can acquire heritable immunity to viral (phage) enemies by incorporating phage DNA into their own genome. This mechanism of anti-viral defence, known by the acronym CRISPR, simultaneously stores detailed information about current and past enemies and the evolved resistance to them. As a high-resolution genetic marker that is intimately tied with the host-pathogen interaction, the CRISPR system offers a unique, and relatively untapped, opportunity to study epidemiological and coevolutionary dynamics in microbial communities that were previously neglected because they could not be cultured in the laboratory. We briefly review the molecular mechanisms of CRISPR-mediated host-pathogen resistance, before assessing their potential importance for coevolution in nature, and their utility as a means of studying coevolutionary dynamics through metagenomics and laboratory experimentation.
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