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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation01:26

Nursing Assessment of the Genitourinary System II: Inspection and Palpation

The nursing assessment of the genitourinary (GU) system involves a systematic inspection and palpation to identify abnormalities in the kidneys, bladder, and surrounding structures.InspectionMouth: Inspect for signs of kidney dysfunction, such as stomatitis (inflammation of the mouth) and ammonia breath, which may occur in advanced kidney disease due to the buildup of urea, breaking down into ammonia.Skin: Check for pallor, which could indicate anemia caused by kidney disease. Look for...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...

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Related Experiment Videos

[Complex pelvic trauma in elderly patients].

G Tosounidis1, U Culemann, D Stengel

  • 1Klinik für Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Kirrberger Str. 1, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland. chgtos@uniklinik-saarland.de

Der Unfallchirurg
|March 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complex pelvic trauma, defined by severe soft tissue damage, has high mortality. Despite improved stabilization techniques, mortality rates only slightly decreased, remaining significantly higher in elderly patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Emergency Medicine

Context:

  • Complex pelvic trauma involves severe soft tissue injuries, including visceral, neurovascular, skin, and muscle damage.
  • Haemodynamic instability, often due to vascular injuries, dramatically increases mortality.
  • Traumatic hemipelvectomy represents the most severe form, with mortality rates up to 60%.

Purpose:

  • To review epidemiological data, therapy concepts, associated injuries, and mortality rates of complex pelvic trauma over 16 years.
  • To analyze the impact of treatment modalities on mortality rates.
  • To investigate treatment changes and their effect on outcomes, with a focus on elderly patients (>60 years).

Summary:

  • A 16-year analysis of a large pelvic injury database revealed increased use of mechanical stabilization (pelvic C clamp, external fixator, primary osteosynthesis) and pelvic tamponade for haemostasis.
  • Despite these advances, overall mortality rates showed only slight decreases (21% to 18%).
  • Mortality in patients over 60 was significantly higher across all study groups compared to younger individuals.

Impact:

  • Highlights the persistent high mortality associated with complex pelvic trauma, particularly in the elderly.
  • Suggests that while stabilization techniques have improved, they have not drastically reduced overall mortality.
  • Emphasizes the need for further research into effective treatments for complex pelvic trauma, especially in geriatric populations.