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Related Concept Videos

Genomics02:02

Genomics

Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
Genome Annotation and Assembly03:36

Genome Annotation and Assembly

The genome refers to all of the genetic material in an organism. It can range from a few million base pairs in microbial cells to several billion base pairs in many eukaryotic organisms. Genome assembly refers to the process of taking the DNA sequencing data and putting it all back together in a correct order to create a close representation of the original genome. This is followed by the identification of functional elements on the newly assembled genome, a process called genome annotation.
Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
Organization of Genes02:07

Organization of Genes

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Organization of Genes02:07

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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.

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Transcriptomic Analysis of C. elegans RNA Sequencing Data Through the Tuxedo Suite on the Galaxy Project
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Asking complex questions of the genome without programming.

Peter M Woollard1

  • 1Computational Biology, Quantitative Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 19, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This review outlines tools for querying genetic and genomic data, from simple web queries to complex programmatic access via APIs. Choosing the right tool is crucial for efficiently analyzing vast biological datasets.

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Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Vast amounts of genomics and genetic data are increasingly available.
  • Accessing and querying this data can range from simple web searches to complex analytical tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the hierarchy of tools available for querying genetic and genomic data.
  • To guide researchers in selecting the appropriate tool based on query complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of web-based query tools: ENSEMBL BioMart and UCSC Table Browser for multi-gene/region queries.
  • Introduction to workflow tools: GALAXY for complex data analysis pipelines.
  • Discussion of programmatic access: Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) like Ensembl's for genome-scale queries.

Main Results:

  • Multiple tools exist, catering to different levels of query complexity.
  • Flexible interfaces like ENSEMBL BioMart and UCSC Table Browser are suitable for common queries.
  • Sophisticated tools like GALAXY and APIs enable advanced, large-scale data analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The selection of the correct tool is critical for efficient genetic and genomic data analysis.
  • A range of tools, from user-friendly interfaces to programmatic APIs, empowers researchers to address complex biological questions.