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Embolization in traumatic intrarenal vascular injuries
1Department of Radiology, Groote Schuur Hospital/University of Cape Town, South Africa.
Clinical Radiology
|April 1, 1991
Summary
Embolization effectively treats traumatic kidney injuries like false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae, resolving hematuria in most patients. This minimally invasive procedure offers a safe and successful therapeutic option for vascular damage.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Radiology
- Vascular Surgery
- Nephrology
Background:
- Traumatic intrarenal vascular injuries, including false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae, can lead to significant complications.
- Common causes include penetrating trauma (stab wounds), blunt force, and iatrogenic injuries from procedures like renal biopsy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of embolization for treating traumatic intrarenal false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae.
- To assess the outcomes and complication rates associated with embolization in this patient cohort.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of 42 patients with traumatic intrarenal vascular injuries.
- Treatment involved embolization using gelfoam and coils for 40 patients.
- Patient data regarding injury cause, presentation, treatment, and outcomes were reviewed.
Main Results:
- Embolization was successful in 87.5% (35/40) of patients, achieving complete resolution of hematuria.
- Four of five patients requiring re-embolization had successful outcomes.
- Complications were infrequent and included renal intimal dissection, ectopic coil placement, and contrast extravasation.
Conclusions:
- Embolization is a safe and highly effective treatment for traumatic intrarenal vascular injuries.
- The procedure offers a minimally invasive alternative with a high success rate for managing conditions like false aneurysms and arteriovenous fistulae.