Therapeutic approaches affecting diastolic ventricular function

The therapeutic approaches affecting diastolic ventricular function are conditional on underlying physiology, especially as it relates to calcium cycling, early relaxation and rapid filling abnormalities, atrial function, hemodynamics, the presence of hypertrophy, and neurohormonal milieu. A wide variety of treatment considerations are discussed, with particular attention to the management of cardiomyopathy characterized by pure or predominant diastolic failure (Table 1).