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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Single-Molecule Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Methods for Real-Time Investigation of the Holliday Junction Resolution by GEN1
Published on: September 18, 2019
The interaction of four-way DNA junctions with resolving enzymes
1Cancer Research UK Nucleic Acid Structure Research Group, MSI/WTB Complex, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK. d.m.j.lilley@dundee.ac.uk
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Four-way DNA (Holliday) junctions are resolved into duplex species by the action of the junction-resolving enzymes, nucleases selective for the structure of helical branchpoints. These have been isolated from bacteria and their phages, archaea, yeasts and mammals, including humans. They are all dimeric proteins that bind with high selectivity to DNA junctions and generate bilateral cleavage within the lifetime of the DNA-protein complex. Recent success in obtaining X-ray crystal structures of resolving enzymes bound to DNA junctions has revealed how the structural selectivity of these enzymes is achieved.
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