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Implantation and Monitoring by PET/CT of an Orthotopic Model of Human Pleural Mesothelioma in Athymic Mice
Published on: December 21, 2019
Malignant mesothelioma
1Department of Medical Oncology, Sydney Cancer Centre, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Abstract:
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumour that commonly affects the mesothelial surfaces of the pleural and peritoneal cavities, and occasionally, the tunica vaginalis and the pericardium. Formerly a rare tumour, MM is increasing in incidence in Australia due to the heavy nationwide use of asbestos from 1940 until the 1980s. The incidence is expected to peak in Australia in the next decade, mirroring the long latency period between asbestos exposure and development of MM. Diagnosis of MM can be difficult. Definitive pathological diagnosis is required and it often requires an experienced pathologist to differentiate MM from other benign or malignant processes. Treatment of MM requires a multidisciplinary approach, regardless of palliative or curative intent. Treatment options, such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and active symptom control or a combination of these, may be used. Further research is needed to advance the therapeutic options for MM, and strategies to realize personalisation of therapy through discovery of predictive markers. In the Australian society where asbestos contamination of the built environment is very high, education and stringent public health measures are required to prevent a second wave of increased MM incidence.
Insights
Malignant mesothelioma (MM), a rare aggressive cancer, is increasing in Australia due to past asbestos use. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment are crucial, with further research needed for better therapies and prevention.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Pathology
Background:
- Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive cancer affecting mesothelial surfaces, with incidence rising in Australia.
- This increase is linked to widespread asbestos use from 1940-1980, with incidence expected to peak soon due to long latency.
- Accurate diagnosis is challenging, requiring expert pathology to distinguish MM from other conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the current challenges in diagnosing and treating malignant mesothelioma.
- To emphasize the public health implications of asbestos exposure in Australia.
- To underscore the need for advanced therapeutic strategies and preventative measures.
Main Methods:
- Review of epidemiological trends and clinical management of malignant mesothelioma.
- Pathological diagnostic criteria for MM.
- Multidisciplinary treatment approaches including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
Main Results:
- Malignant mesothelioma incidence is increasing in Australia, projected to peak in the next decade.
- Diagnosis requires expert pathological evaluation.
- Treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach, combining various therapeutic modalities.
Conclusions:
- Urgent need for advanced research into personalized therapies and predictive markers for MM.
- Stringent public health measures and education are vital to prevent a further rise in MM incidence due to environmental asbestos.
- Effective management requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary strategy for both curative and palliative care.
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