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Cognitive impairments like processing speed and visuospatial skills predict driving performance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. These cognitive tests can screen for driving risks in individuals with MS.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) can affect cognitive functions crucial for safe driving.
  • Identifying cognitive predictors of driving performance is essential for maintaining independence in individuals with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine which cognitive functions predict driving performance in individuals with MS.
  • To explore the utility of cognitive assessments as screening tools for driving impairment in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design involving 66 community-dwelling individuals with MS who were active drivers.
  • Cognitive abilities were assessed using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, including the Symbol Digit Modality Test (SDMT) and the 7/24 Spatial Recall Test (SPART 7/24).
  • Driving performance was evaluated through a behind-the-wheel (BTW) assessment and analysis of traffic violation and collision history.

Main Results:

  • Information processing speed, measured by the SDMT, was the strongest predictor of behind-the-wheel (BTW) driving performance.
  • Visuospatial learning and recall, assessed by the SPART 7/24, were the most significant predictors of collision and violation frequency.
  • Cognitive measures demonstrated predictive value for driving outcomes in this MS cohort.

Conclusions:

  • Information processing speed and visuospatial skills are key cognitive predictors of driving performance in individuals with MS.
  • The SDMT and SPART 7/24 show potential as screening tools to identify MS patients at risk for driving difficulties.
  • The findings suggest a need to re-evaluate the efficacy of traditional behind-the-wheel (BTW) evaluations for accurately assessing driving abilities in individuals with MS.