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Related Concept Videos

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care01:26

Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care

Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management01:22

Aneurysm IV: Nursing Management

Vigilant monitoring for aneurysm rupture is essential for patients undergoing aortic surgery.Preoperative Nursing ManagementContinuously monitor the patient for manifestations of aneurysm rupture, such as pallor, weakness, tachycardia, hypotension, abdominal, back, groin, or periumbilical pain, changes in consciousness, and a pulsating abdominal mass. Regularly assess the patient's peripheral pulses.Instruct the patient to consume a clear liquid diet the day before surgery and administer...
Aneurysm I: Introduction01:30

Aneurysm I: Introduction

An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection
06:26

Novel and Innovative Hybrid Technique for Type A Aortic Dissection

Published on: March 28, 2025

Iatrogenic type A aortic dissection during cardiac surgery.

Ho Young Hwang1, Dong Seop Jeong, Kyung-Hwan Kim

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.

Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
|March 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Intraoperative type A aortic dissection is a rare but serious complication in cardiac surgery. Early recognition and treatment, particularly with transesophageal echocardiography, can improve survival rates.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Intraoperative type A aortic dissection is a rare complication during cardiovascular surgery.
  • It occurs in less than 0.3% of patients undergoing cardiac procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experience of intraoperative type A aortic dissection during cardiovascular surgery.
  • To identify risk factors and outcomes associated with this complication.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 10 patients who experienced intraoperative type A aortic dissection between January 1998 and May 2009.
  • Analysis of preoperative diagnoses, surgical procedures, and outcomes.
  • Comparison of mortality rates before and after the adoption of routine intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.

Main Results:

  • The overall mortality rate was 40%.
  • Adoption of routine intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was associated with a trend towards decreased mortality (75% to 17%).
  • Mortality was higher when the dissection extended beyond the aortic arch (67% vs. 0%).

Conclusions:

  • Intraoperative type A aortic dissection, though rare, carries a high mortality rate.
  • Early recognition and prompt management, potentially aided by transesophageal echocardiography and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, are crucial for improving outcomes.
  • Dissections extending beyond the aortic arch are associated with significantly worse prognosis.