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Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Published on: October 9, 2020

MicroRNAs coordinate an alternative splicing network during mouse postnatal heart development.

Auinash Kalsotra¹, Kun Wang, Pei-Feng Li

¹Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

Genes & Development

|March 20, 2010

Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate heart development by controlling splicing transitions. Deleting Dicer in adult mouse hearts revealed that specific miRNAs, like miR-23a/b, down-regulate splicing regulators (CELF proteins), impacting heart remodeling.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Preparation of Small RNA Libraries for Sequencing from Early Mouse Embryos

Published on: October 9, 2020

Quantitative Analysis of Alternative Pre-mRNA Splicing in Mouse Brain Sections Using RNA In Situ Hybridization Assay

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Published on: August 26, 2018

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Mutant Whole Mouse Embryos: From the Epiblast to the End of Gastrulation

Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Mutant Whole Mouse Embryos: From the Epiblast to the End of Gastrulation

Published on: June 14, 2024

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Cardiovascular Research
Gene Regulation

Background:

Alternative splicing is crucial for vertebrate heart development and remodeling.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known regulators of gene expression.
The specific role of miRNAs in postnatal heart splicing programs remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of miRNAs in regulating postnatal alternative splicing transitions in the adult mouse heart.
To identify specific miRNAs involved in maintaining adult cardiac splicing programs.
To elucidate the regulatory hierarchy controlling cardiac development and remodeling.

Main Methods:

Targeted deletion of Dicer specifically in adult mouse myocardium.
Analysis of miRNA-mediated regulation of splicing factor expression.
Quantification of alternative splicing transitions in cardiac tissues.

Main Results:

Dicer deletion in adult hearts revealed miRNA involvement in postnatal splicing.
miR-23a/b directly down-regulates CUGBP and ETR-3-like factor (CELF) proteins.
CELF proteins regulate approximately half of developmentally regulated cardiac splicing transitions.

Conclusions:

A regulatory hierarchy exists where miRNAs control splicing regulators, which in turn dictate cardiac splicing transitions.
Postnatal up-regulation of specific miRNAs is a key mechanism in heart development and remodeling.
This study defines a novel miRNA-centric pathway governing cardiac alternative splicing.