Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular01:30

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects01:25

Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects

Acute inflammation produces a coordinated set of local and systemic changes that limit injury, eliminate pathogens, and initiate repair. These responses arise within minutes of infection, trauma, or chemical insult and are driven by vascular alterations and leukocyte-derived mediators. When the stimulus resolves, the reaction typically abates within days.Local EffectsAt the site of injury, arteriolar vasodilation increases blood flow, resulting in redness and warmth. Simultaneously, increased...
Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

Overview
Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response01:26

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair01:24

Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair

The immune system's inflammatory response destroys the invading pathogen, permitting the tissue to heal. The changes during the cellular and vascular stages allow exudate formation at the site of inflammation. The inflammatory exudate released from the wound has high protein content and a specific gravity above 1.020.
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the exudate's...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bioactive Fractions from <i>Bougainvillea</i> × <i>buttiana</i> Holtum & Standl (var. Rose): Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Enzyme Inhibitory and Cytoprotective Effects Against Oxidative Stress.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Stigmasterol from <i>Bursera bipinnata</i> Resin: Pharmacological Evidence for Wound-Healing Activity.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Parallel In Vitro and In Silico Studies of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Bioactive Compounds Found in Different Ethanolic Extracts of Bracts from <i>B. x buttiana</i> (var. Rose): A Comparative Analysis.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Acetonic Extract from <i>Bougainvillea x buttiana</i> (var. Rose).

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Use of Medicinal Plants in the Process of Wound Healing: A Literature Review.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant Activity, Cytoprotective and In Silico Study of Ethanolic Extracts of <i>Bougainvillea</i> × <i>buttiana</i> (Var. Orange and Rose).

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses
10:25

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Published on: November 3, 2014

Scorpion venom and the inflammatory response.

Vera L Petricevich1

  • 1Laboratorio de Inflamación y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico. vera.petricevich@uaem.mx

Mediators of Inflammation
|March 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Scorpion stings cause severe inflammation and organ damage due to excessive cytokine release. Understanding this venom-induced immune response is crucial for treating envenomation, especially in children.

More Related Videos

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
05:27

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production

Published on: October 6, 2023

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects
09:45

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects

Published on: April 21, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses
10:25

Extraction of Venom and Venom Gland Microdissections from Spiders for Proteomic and Transcriptomic Analyses

Published on: November 3, 2014

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production
05:27

Captive Maintenance and Venom Extraction of Tityus serrulatus (Brazilian Yellow Scorpion) for Antivenom Production

Published on: October 6, 2023

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects
09:45

Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects

Published on: April 21, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Immunology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Scorpion venoms contain complex toxins with diverse biological actions.
  • Scorpion envenomation leads to significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in pediatric populations.
  • Envenomation triggers a systemic inflammatory response involving cytokine release.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the pathophysiology of scorpion envenomation.
  • To investigate the role of cytokines in venom-induced systemic inflammation and organ dysfunction.
  • To understand the mechanisms underlying severe illness behaviors and physiological events post-sting.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of venom composition and biological properties.
  • Observation of clinical signs and symptoms in human and animal models.
  • Investigation of inflammatory mediator release, focusing on cytokines, in response to venom exposure.

Main Results:

  • Scorpion envenomation causes a range of pathologies, including autonomic stimulation and central nervous system effects.
  • An excessive systemic inflammatory response, mediated by cytokines, is a key feature of severe envenomation.
  • Increased proinflammatory cytokine production contributes to immunological imbalance, multiple organ dysfunction, and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Cytokines play a critical role in the cascade of events leading to illness behaviors and physiological disturbances after scorpion stings.
  • The complex pathophysiology of envenomation involves a detrimental interplay between venom toxins and the host's immune response.
  • Further research into venom-cytokine interactions is essential for developing effective therapeutic strategies against scorpion envenomation.