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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation
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A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation

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Prenatal oxycodone exposure impairs spatial learning and/or memory in rats.

Chris P Davis1, La'tonya M Franklin, Gabriel S Johnson

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, LSU Health Sciences Center - Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA.

Behavioural Brain Research
|March 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Prenatal oxycodone exposure in rats impairs spatial learning and memory. Offspring showed deficits in maze tasks, particularly with longer intervals, indicating lasting cognitive effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Non-medical prescription opiate use is increasing, particularly among younger females.
  • This trend elevates the risk of prenatal exposure to opioids during pregnancy.
  • A validated rat model is needed to study the effects of prenatal opiate exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and utilize a rat model simulating prenatal oxycodone exposure in pregnant women.
  • To investigate the long-term effects of prenatal oxycodone exposure on spatial learning and memory in offspring.

Main Methods:

  • Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats received oral oxycodone HCl for 30 days, continuing through gestation.
  • Control groups received water.
  • Offspring were assessed using the radial arm maze, Morris water maze (short and long intertrial intervals), and T-maze.

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Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury
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Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury

Published on: December 4, 2013

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation
10:42

A Lateralized Odor Learning Model in Neonatal Rats for Dissecting Neural Circuitry Underpinning Memory Formation

Published on: August 18, 2014

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury
08:09

Use of an Eight-arm Radial Water Maze to Assess Working and Reference Memory Following Neonatal Brain Injury

Published on: December 4, 2013

Main Results:

  • Prenatal oxycodone exposure resulted in increased reference memory errors in the radial arm maze.
  • A deficit in long-term retention was observed in the T-maze task.
  • Impaired acquisition in the Morris water maze was evident with longer intertrial intervals, characterized by increased latency and distance.
  • Offspring displayed reduced use of spatial strategies and increased non-spatial strategies (e.g., wall-hugging).

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal oxycodone exposure consistently impairs spatial learning and memory in a rat model.
  • These findings highlight potential cognitive deficits in offspring exposed to oxycodone in utero.
  • The study underscores the importance of addressing prenatal opioid exposure and its developmental consequences.